NETWORKING DICTIONARY

A

AAA [authentication, authorization, accounting]: a security framework that controls who can access a device and what they can do on it.
ACCESS POINT: a networking device that connects wired and wireless networks.
ADDRESSING SCHEME: a model used to show how computers are connected to one another in a network and how packets move to and from them.
ANALOG: a method of converting information into a wave that uses electric pulses of various amplitude. comparable to digital.
ANYCAST: a networking scheme which lets many computers share one ip address.
APPLICATION LAYER: the 7th layer in the osi model, it specifies how applications can communicate with other devices.
APPLICATION LAYER SERVICES: services that programs use to communicate with the network and prepare data for transfer.
AUTONEGOCIATION: a mechanism/procedure used over ethernet to find shared middle ground between devices. mostly used in terms of mismatched half-duplex and full-duplex.

B

BACKBONE NETWORK: the core network that supports and interconnects other local networks.
BACKPLANE CAPACITY: an amount of data per second that is the maximum throughput for a network.
BANDWIDTH: the maximum amount of data transferred over a network in a given amount of time.
BINARY: a numbering system where each number is represented by a combination of 1 and 0. uses the power of 2, starting with 1.
BIT: one binary digit. either 1 or 0.
BROADCAST ADDRESS
BUS: an electronic pathway in which data is sent, using signals moving at different speeds through different channels.
BYTE: 8 bits. the amount of bits needed to encode a single character.

C

CDP [cisco discovery protocol]: a network discovery tool that aids in identifying neighboring cisco devices.
CLI [command line interface]: a text-based interface allowing communication with the device's operating system.
CONGESTION: when network nodes and links are overloaded with traffic.

D

DATA FORMATS: how data is structured within a database to give it meaning.
DATA NETWORK: a system designed to transfer data from one network to another. types include broadcast networks and point-to-point networks.
DEFAULT GATEWAY: the network node used to access other networks when no other node is specified.
DHCP [dynamic host configuration protocol]: a protocol that automatically and dynamically assigns ip addresses and related information to ip devices on a network.
DIRECTED BROADCAST
DOMAIN NAME
DNS [domain name system]: resolves [matches] a domain name to an ip address.
DUAL-STACK: a networking environment that allows v4 and v6 addresses to be used simultaneously.
DUPLEX: the direction of data being transmitted between two devices.
DUPLICATE NETWORK LINKS
ECHO REQUEST
ECHO REPLY
END USER DEVICE
EUI-64
FRAME
FTP [file transfer protocol]
FTPS [ftp secure]
FULL-DUPLEX
GATEWAY
GUA [global unicast address]
HALF-DUPLEX
HEXIDECIMAL
HOP
HTTP [hypertext transfer protocol]
HTTPS [hypertext transfer protocol secure]
ICMP [internet control message protocol]
IMAP [internet message access protocol
INTERMEDIARY DEVICE
INTERNETWORK
IP [internet protocol]
IP ADDRESS
IPV4
IPV6
IP TELEPHONY: any phone that uses an internet connection to send and recieve voice data using a router and modem.
LAN [local access network]
LATENCY: the delay [how long it takes data to transfer] in network communication.
LIMITED BROADCAST
LINK-LOCAL
LLA
LOOPBACK
MAC
MAC ADDRESS
MODEM
MODULE
MULTICAST
NAT [network address translation]
NETWORK APPLICATIONS
NETWORK-AWARE: a property of end-user applications, allowing the application to impliment application layer protocols and to communicate directly with lower layer protocols.
[ex. email clients and web browsers]
NETWORK BASELINE
NETWORK COMMANDS
NETWORK DEVICE: a piece of hardware or software required to communicate between a computer and the internet [ex. routers and modems].
NETWORK POLICY
NETWORK PRINT SPOOLING
NETWORK PROTOCOLS
NETWORK SERVICES
OSI
POE
POP3 [post-office protocol]
PORT
PRIVILEGED EXEC MODE
PROTOCOL
P2P [peer-to-peer]
QOS [quality of service]
REAL-TIME APPLICATIONS
REAL-TIME TRAFFIC
RFC 1918
RTCP [real-time transport control protocol]
RTP [real-time transfer protocol]
REDUNDANCY: the act of providing multiple paths for data traffic so flow can continue even if one path fails.
REMOTE ACCESS
ROUTER
SCALING: the ability of a network to handle the possibility of expansion.
SEGMENT
SERVER
SFTP [secure ftp]
SLAAC [stateless address autoconfiguration]
SMTP [simple mail transfer protocol]
SOHO [small office and home office]: a type of small network usually seen in homes and small buisnesses.
SSH [secure shell]: a secure alternative to telnet. for ssh to be used, a network device must support ssh and the server attempted to be accessed must support remote access ssh server services.
STANDARDS
SUBNET
SUBNETNETWORK
SUBNET MASK
SVI [switch virtual interface]: a logical interface on a layer 3 switch that connects and routes traffic from vlans.
SWITCH
SYNTAX
SWITCHING SPEED: the rate that a port-to-port transfer can be made.
TCP/IP
TELNET
TEST-NET
THOUGHTPUT
TOPOLOGY
TRANSLATION
TRAFFIC
TTL [time to live]
TUNNELING
UDP
UNICAST
VTY
VOIP [voice over IP]: enables devices to convert analog telephone signals into digital ip packets.

ARP: lists all devices currently in the arp cache. [windows/mac/linux]
ARP -A: lists all known ip addresses and their corrisponding mac addresses. [windows/mac/linux]
DEBUG: shows all messages generated by processes, protocols, mechanisms and events. [cisco ios cli]
DEBUG ?: lists short descriptions of all debugging commands. [cisco ios cli]
DEBUG IP ICMP: displays all icmp messages. [cisco ios cli]
IFCONFIG
IP ADDRESS
IPCONFIG
IPCONFIG /DISPLAYDNS
IPCONFIG /RELEASE
IPCONFIG /RENEW
NETWORKSETUP -GETINFO [+ network service]
NETWORKSETUP -LINSTALLNETWORK SERVICES
NETSH INTERFACE IP DELETE ARPCACHE: clears the device's arp cache. [windows/mac/linux]
NO CDP ENABLE: disables cdp on an interface. [cisco ios cli]
NO CDP RUN: disables cdp globally. [cisco ios cli]
NO DEBUG [+ rest of command]: turns off the debugging feature for the specified command. [cisco ios cli]
NSLOOKUP: after entering the command, type a url or an ip address. nslookup displays dns queries for that url and displays the dns response. [windows/mac/linux]
PING
SHOW: displays all relevant information about the device's configuration and operation. [cisco ios cli]
SHOW ARP: displays the list of known hosts on local ethernet lans. [cisco ios cli]
SHOW CDP NEIGHBORS DETAIL: displays the ip address of neighboring devices. [cisco ios cli]
SHOW INTERFACES: displays the interface status and displays any error messages. [cisco ios cli]
SHOW IP INTERFACE: displays the layer 3 information of the interface. [cisco ios cli]
SHOW IP INTERFACE BRIEF: displays all interfaces on the router, the ip address assigned to each interface, and the interface's operational status. [cisco ios cli]
SHOW IP ROUTE: displays the layer 3 routing information. [cisco ios cli]
SHOW PROTOCOLS: displays what protocols are operational. [cisco ios cli]
SHOW RUNNING-CONFIG: displays the current configuration and settings. [cisco ios cli]
SHOW VERSION: displays the memory, interfaces, and licences of the device. [cisco ios cli]
TERMINAL MONITOR: displays log messages on a terminal. [cisco ios cli]
TERMINAL NO MONITOR: stops displaying log messages after using the terminal monitor command. [cisco ios cli]
TRACERT
TRACEROUTE
UNDEBUG [+ rest of command]: the same as no debug, but in privileged exec mode. [cisco ios cli]
UNDEBUG ALL: turns off all active debug commands. [cisco ios cli]